In this blog we identify the most important SAP Quality Management (QM) tables for users of:
These tables cover the core QM data objects, from inspection lots, characteristic results and samples through quality notifications, along with the inspection plans, catalogues, material, batch and configuration tables you will need to build complete quality reporting and analytics workflows. Accurate quality analytics, including first-pass yield, supplier quality scorecards and defect trend analysis, depend on joining these tables correctly. SAP Quality Management tables are found in the following SAP systems:
The QM data model is broadly consistent between SAP ECC and SAP S/4HANA. The most important difference for analytics users is that QAMB, the table that links inspection lots to material movements, points to MKPF and MSEG in ECC but points to the universal document table MATDOC in S/4HANA. SAP Quality Management (QM) Transaction TablesInspection Lot TablesThe inspection lot is the central transactional object in SAP QM. Every quality inspection, whether triggered by a goods receipt, a production confirmation, a stock transfer or a manual request, creates an inspection lot that carries the quantity to be inspected, the characteristics to check and the final usage decision. The key Inspection Lot tables are: QALS - Inspection Lot Master. Contains one row per inspection lot with fields such as inspection lot number (PRUEFLOS), material number (MATNR), plant (WERKS), lot origin (HERKUNFT), lot quantity (LMENGE), inspection type (ARTPR) and usage decision status (STAT35). This is your starting point for any inspection lot analysis. QAMR - Characteristic Single Results. Contains the individual measured values recorded against each inspection characteristic. Key fields include inspection lot (PRUEFLOS), operation (VORNLFNR), characteristic number (MERKNUM), reading number (WERTNR), mean value (MITTELWERT) and original value (ORIGINALWERT). Join to QALS on PRUEFLOS to analyse actual measurement data at the lowest level of granularity. QAMV - Inspection Characteristic Specification. Contains the inspection specification for each characteristic within the lot. Key fields include inspection lot (PRUEFLOS), operation (VORNLFNR), characteristic number (MERKNUM), upper tolerance (TOLERANZOB), lower tolerance (TOLERANZUN) and inspection method (VERFAHREN). Join to QAMR on PRUEFLOS, VORNLFNR and MERKNUM to compare recorded results against their target specifications. QAMB - Link between QM Inspection Lots and Material Documents. Connects inspection lots to the material movements that created or consumed them. Key fields include inspection lot (PRUEFLOS), material document (MBLNR), document year (MJAHR) and item (ZEILE). In SAP ECC this joins to MKPF and MSEG. In SAP S/4HANA this joins to the universal material document table MATDOC. Essential for analyses that link quality outcomes back to goods receipts, production confirmations and stock movements. QASR - Characteristic Sample Results. Contains the measured values recorded against individual samples drawn from a lot. Key fields include inspection lot (PRUEFLOS), operation (VORNLFNR), characteristic number (MERKNUM) and sample number (PROBENR). Use alongside QAMR for inspection plans that require sample-level traceability. QASE - Sample. Contains one row per physical sample drawn for an inspection lot. Key fields include inspection lot (PRUEFLOS) and sample number (PROBENR). Join to QASR on PRUEFLOS and PROBENR to report on sampling activity. Quality Notification TablesQuality notifications record quality problems reported internally or by customers and vendors, along with the defects, activities and tasks used to resolve them. The key Quality Notification tables are: QMEL - Quality Notification Header. Contains one row per quality notification. Key fields include notification number (QMNUM), notification type (QMART), material number (MATNR), customer (KUNUM), vendor (LIFNUM) and short text (QMTXT). This is the starting point for customer complaint, internal problem and vendor complaint analysis. QMIH - Notification Item. Contains the technical object data for each notification, including equipment (EQUNR) and functional location (TPLNR). This table is shared with Plant Maintenance, which is useful when quality issues are linked to specific assets. QMFE - Notification Defect. Contains one row per defect recorded against a notification. Key fields include notification number (QMNUM), defect counter (FENUM), defect code (FECOD) and object part (OTEIL). Essential for defect code frequency analysis and Pareto reporting. QMMA - Notification Activity. Contains the activities performed in response to a notification. Key fields include notification number (QMNUM) and activity counter (MANUM). Useful for tracking corrective and preventive actions. QMSM - Notification Task. Contains the tasks raised to resolve each notification. Key fields include notification number (QMNUM) and task code (MNCOD). Use for workload and resolution-time reporting on quality tasks. SAP Quality Management (QM) Master Data TablesQuality master data in SAP is split across inspection plans, inspection catalogues and material and batch master data. Together these tables define what gets inspected, how it gets inspected and how the results are coded. Inspection Plan TablesInspection plans share the same underlying task-list tables used by Production Planning routings, which means the structure is familiar to anyone who has already worked with PP data. The key Inspection Plan tables are: MAPL - Assignment of Task Lists to Material. Maps a material to one or more task lists. Key fields include material number (MATNR), task list type (PLNTY), task list group (PLNNR) and group counter (PLNAL). This table is shared with PP routings. PLKO - Task List Header. Contains the header record for each inspection plan. Key fields include task list type (PLNTY), task list group (PLNNR) and group counter (PLNAL). Join to MAPL on PLNTY, PLNNR and PLNAL to connect inspection plans to their materials. PLPO - Task List Operation. Contains one row per operation within an inspection plan. Key fields include task list type (PLNTY), task list group (PLNNR) and node number (PLNKN). Join to PLKO on PLNTY and PLNNR to build the full operation list for a plan. PLMK - Inspection Characteristic Assignment. Contains the inspection characteristics assigned to each operation within an inspection plan. Key fields include task list type (PLNTY), task list group (PLNNR) and node number (PLNKN). Join to PLPO on PLNTY, PLNNR and PLNKN to see which characteristics are inspected at each operation. Inspection Catalogue TablesInspection catalogues hold the reusable master inspection characteristics, methods and code groups that plans and notifications refer to. The key Inspection Catalogue tables are: QPMK - Master Inspection Characteristic. Contains reusable inspection characteristic definitions. Key fields include plant (WERKS), master characteristic number (MKMNR) and version (VERSION). Use to enrich characteristic results with stable master-level descriptions. QPMT - Inspection Method. Contains reusable inspection method definitions. Key fields include plant (WERKS), inspection method (VERFAHREN) and version (VERSION). Useful for reporting results by inspection technique. QPCT - Catalogue Codes. Contains the individual codes within each catalogue, such as defect codes, cause codes and usage decision codes. Key fields include catalogue type (KATALOGART), code group (CODEGRUPPE) and code (CODE). Join to QMFE, QMMA and QMSM to decode the raw codes stored on notifications. Material and Batch TablesQuality data is always anchored to a material and, in most manufacturing scenarios, to a specific batch. The key Material and Batch tables are: MARA - Material Master General. Contains client-level material data. Key field is material number (MATNR). This is typically your primary material dimension table. MARC - Material Plant Data. Contains material data specific to each plant, including fields from the QM view such as the QM procurement key and inspection setup. Key fields are material number (MATNR) and plant (WERKS). Essential for filtering quality analytics by plant and for confirming which materials are subject to QM procurement controls. MCH1 - Batches (Cross-Plant). Contains the cross-plant batch master record. Key fields are material number (MATNR) and batch (CHARG). Useful for batch genealogy and recall analyses that span multiple plants. MCHA - Batches (Per Plant). Contains plant-specific batch data. Key fields are material number (MATNR), plant (WERKS) and batch (CHARG). Join to QALS via MATNR, WERKS and batch to link inspection results back to the specific batch they relate to. SAP Quality Management (QM) S/4HANA IntegrationThe QM data model is largely unchanged in SAP S/4HANA, but the integration point with Materials Management has moved. Analytics users should be aware of the following table: MATDOC - Universal Material Document. The S/4HANA replacement for MKPF and MSEG, holding header and item data for every material movement in a single table. Key fields include material document (MBLNR), document year (MJAHR) and item (ZEILE). In S/4HANA, QAMB links QM inspection lots directly to MATDOC. In SAP ECC the equivalent link is to MKPF (header) and MSEG (item). Compatibility views for MKPF and MSEG still exist in S/4HANA, so existing queries will keep working, but new workflows should join QAMB to MATDOC for best performance. SAP Quality Management (QM) Configuration TablesConfiguration tables (also known as customising tables) contain the settings and descriptions that define how your SAP QM module behaves. These are small, slowly changing tables that are useful for decoding the values stored in transaction and master data tables. The configuration tables listed below apply to both SAP ECC and SAP S/4HANA. T001W - Plants. Contains the list of plants defined in your system. Key field is plant (WERKS). Join to QALS, MARC and MCHA to enrich quality data with plant descriptions and organisational assignments. TQ30 - Inspection Type / Control Key. Contains the list of inspection types configured in your system (e.g. goods receipt inspection, in-process inspection, returns inspection). Key field is inspection type (ART). Join to QALS on ARTPR to decode inspection type in your reports. TQ77 - Usage Decision Codes. Contains the usage decision codes used to close inspection lots (accept, reject, accept with deviation, etc.). Key fields are usage decision catalogue (VERWKAT) and usage decision code (VERWCODE). Join to QALS via the usage decision fields to translate codes into meaningful accept and reject categories. Explore SAP QM Tables with a DVW ConnectorThe fastest way to explore SAP QM tables is to connect directly to your SAP system from your preferred analytics platform. DVW Connectors let you browse available tables, preview fields and extract data without writing any ABAP code. All DVW products support both SAP ECC and SAP S/4HANA. To see how all 26 tables in this blog connect to each other, visit our SAP QM Table Relationships page for an interactive data model diagram with join keys and ECC vs S/4HANA compatibility. All DVW products include a 30-day free trial with full functionality, so you can start working with these tables right away. Visit our Free Trial page to get started, or explore our Help Centre for detailed documentation on connecting to SAP QM tables. Next StepsSee these SAP QM tables in action. Register for a 30-day free trial and start extracting inspection, notification and quality data from your SAP system today. Comments are closed.
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